Access Method 15

Excavation &
Below-Ground Access

Buried concrete may need to be exposed before its condition can be assessed and repairs completed. Excavation access is planned around the structure, surrounding ground and services, with working space maintained through repair and reinstatement.

Concrete wall inspection in a supported excavation beside a below-ground structure
Best ForConcrete defects concealed by soil or backfill
Typical LocationsBasement walls, retaining walls, footings and foundations
Main BenefitDirect access to previously buried concrete surfaces
Key LimitationGround stability, structural support and buried services
Method Overview

Expose Buried Concrete
For Inspection & Repair

An internal inspection does not always reveal the condition of the external face of a basement wall or buried foundation. A planned excavation can expose the relevant concrete so defects can be assessed and a repair scope confirmed.

The opening must accommodate the repair process as well as the initial inspection. Breakout, reinforcement treatment, reinstatement and any specified waterproofing need usable working room and time before the area is backfilled and surrounding surfaces are restored.

Systems Within This Category

Below-Ground Access
Arrangements

The extent and sequence of excavation depend on the defect location, available space and the assessed ground and structural conditions.

01

Localised Excavations

Targeted openings to inspect a suspected defect or expose a defined section of buried concrete for repair.

02

Shored Access Trenches

Supported working areas beside buried concrete where the assessed ground conditions require a designed support arrangement.

03

Basement Wall Access

External access to buried wall faces for concrete assessment, remediation and associated specified waterproofing.

04

Retaining Wall Access

Planned exposure of a retaining structure, with earth pressures, drainage and adjacent areas considered before work proceeds.

05

Footing & Foundation Access

Specialist-planned exposure of foundation elements without compromising the support of the structure above.

06

Staged Repair Openings

Separate work areas sequenced around the structural assessment, repair duration and reinstatement requirements.

Where It Is Commonly Used

Typical Concrete Repair
Applications

Excavation may be considered when the concrete requiring inspection or repair is concealed beneath ground level and can be exposed through an assessed access plan.

External basement wall concrete repairs
Buried retaining-wall condition assessments
Localised footing and foundation repairs
Below-ground column and pedestal inspections
Concrete remediation before specified waterproofing
Investigation of defects at the ground-line transition
Planning The Access

What We Consider Before
Using This Method

Services & Site Information

Identify underground services and confirm relevant site information before excavation, including the areas around the proposed opening.

Ground & Structural Stability

Assess support requirements, nearby foundations and the effect of removing soil. The excavation sequence must not undermine the structure.

Water & Working Access

Plan for groundwater and rain, suitable entry and exit, edge protection, and separation of people from excavation plant.

Repair & Reinstatement

Allow space and time for the specified repair, curing and inspection before backfilling, restoring drainage and reinstating finishes.

Important: Access systems are selected and set up for the actual site conditions. Required licences, competencies, engineering, exclusion zones, fall protection, rescue planning and other controls are determined by the work being undertaken and the applicable site/WHS requirements.

Where It Works Well

Advantages

Exposes concrete that cannot be inspected from the surface

Allows the repair scope to be checked directly

Can provide access for associated waterproofing works

May be staged around defined defects and site constraints

What Can Limit It

Limitations

Services and boundaries may restrict the excavation area

Ground and structural support can require specialist design

Water ingress and weather may affect the programme

Excavation, backfilling and surface restoration add to the scope

From Inspection To Access Setup

How We Plan A
Difficult-Access Repair

01

Inspect The Repair Area

Confirm the defect location, extent, structure type and the access obstacles surrounding it.

02

Compare Practical Access Options

Consider reach, platform size, setup, duration, site disruption and the repair equipment required.

03

Plan The Work Method

Coordinate access setup, exclusion zones, material handling, protection and repair sequencing.

04

Complete Works In Stages

Carry out the repair with access repositioned or staged as required across the structure.

Frequently Asked Questions

Questions About This
Access Method

?Does every below-ground concrete repair require excavation?⌄

No. Some defects can be reached from an existing basement, pit or service area. Excavation is considered when the relevant concrete face is buried and cannot be reached through a suitable existing access route.

?Can soil simply be removed from beside a footing?⌄

No. Removing soil can affect the footing and nearby structures. A suitable structural and ground assessment must establish the access arrangement, support requirements and work sequence before the footing is exposed.

?What happens if water enters the work area?⌄

Water conditions need to be included in the access plan. Dewatering or isolation may be necessary, and its effects on the ground and adjacent structures must be assessed. The repair products also need suitable application and curing conditions.

?When can the excavation be backfilled?⌄

After the specified repairs, curing, inspections and any waterproofing or drainage work are complete and ready for reinstatement. The backfilling approach must suit the structure and the completed repair.

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